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Lessee of Hyam v. Edwards
''Lessee of Hyam v. Edwards'', is the title of two separate decisions of the Pennsylvania Provincial Court, issued when Pennsylvania was still an English colony. The first decision is found at 1 U.S. 1 (1759) and is the first decision that appears in the first volume of United States Reports. The second decision is found at 1 U.S. 2 (1759).
==Colonial court decisions in the United States Reports==
None of the decisions appearing in the first volume and few of the second volume of the United States Reports are actually decisions of the United States Supreme Court. Instead, they are decisions from various Pennsylvania courts, dating from the colonial period and the first decade after Independence. Alexander Dallas, a Philadelphia, Pennsylvania lawyer and journalist, had been in the business of publishing and selling these cases for newspapers and periodicals. He subsequently began compiling and selling these cases in a bound volume, which he called “Reports of cases ruled and adjudged in the courts of Pennsylvania, before and since the Revolution”. 〔Cohen, Morris and O’Connor, Sharon H. ''A Guide to the Early Reports of the Supreme Court of the United States'', (Fred B. Rothman & Co, Littleton Colorado, 1995〕 This would come to be known as the first volume of "Dallas Reports."
When the United States Supreme Court, along with the rest of the new Federal Government, moved in 1791 to the nation’s temporary capital in Philadelphia, Dallas was appointed the Supreme Court’s first unofficial and unpaid Supreme Court Reporter. (Court reporters in that age received no salary, but were expected to profit from the publication and sale of their compiled decisions.) Dallas continued to collect and publish Pennsylvania decisions in a second volume of his Reports, and when the Supreme Court began hearing cases he added those cases to his reports, starting towards the end of the second volume, “2 Dallas Reports”. Dallas would go on to publish a total of 4 volumes of decisions during his tenure as Reporter.
In 1874, the U.S. government created the United States Reports, and numbered the volumes previously published privately as part of that series, starting from the first volume of Dallas Reports. The four volumes Dallas published were retitled volumes 1 - 4 of United States Reports.〔Hall, Kermit, ed. ''Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States'' (Oxford 1992), p 215, 727〕 Thus, the complete citation to the first decision in Hyam’s Lessee v. Edwards is 1 U.S. 1 (1 Dallas 1) (1759).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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